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first_img Castle Labs: Variational Swaps have execution costs 8 to 12 times lower than mainstream on-chain venues

Castle Labs released a research report on September 10, comparing the execution costs of the swaps products launched by Variational with traditional perpetual contracts. The report shows that for most trading volumes, Variational is currently the lowest-cost venue among listed assets, with the cost of a $1 million trade in the US100 market being only $47.The report points out that the trading volume of RWA perpetual contracts has grown from less than $1 billion in October 2025 to over $12 billion in August 2026, currently accounting for about 12% to 13% of on-chain perpetual contract trading volume, with a peak in July reaching 20%. As of the report's release, the total open interest of RWA perpetual contracts was $4.9 billion, with TradeXYZ and Variational accounting for nearly 90%.Variational's swaps utilize RFQ execution and the proprietary liquidity provider Omni, with liquidity coming directly from traditional financial partners, and the fees being a holding cost charged once at the daily close, rather than relying on market supply and demand funding rates. Since the launch of the US100, US500, XAU, XAG, and USOIL markets at the beginning of the month, a total trading volume of $3.8 billion has been accumulated, with a peak open interest of $245 million. Currently, swaps have contributed over 50% of Variational's daily trading volume and more than $220 million in open interest.

first_img Uniswap launched StablePair Hook, a dynamic fee rate to help LP capture the value of stablecoin transactions

According to The Block, Uniswap Labs announced the launch of a new tool, StablePair Hook, designed specifically for stablecoin trading pairs such as USDC/USDT and USDC/USDG.Uniswap Labs stated that StablePair Hook can provide traders with consistent and predictable quotes, allowing liquidity providers to retain more of the value they create. Data shows that in the second quarter, the trading volume of exchanges between stablecoins on Uniswap reached $43.4 billion, surpassing the total of the other three major on-chain trading venues.StablePair Hook replaces fixed rates with dynamic rates, which adjust based on the degree of price deviation from the reference price within the pool. When the price is close to the reference price, the Hook adjusts the transaction fee for each trade to maintain a fixed bid-ask spread; when the price deviates from the reference range, trades that push the price away incur no fees, while trades that pull the price back to the reference price use a Dutch auction mechanism, with fees decreasing block by block from high to low until accepted by the trader. Uniswap Labs stated that this allows liquidity providers to retain more value from price returns.The first batch of StablePair Hook pools will go live on Ethereum, supporting USDC/USDG and USDC/USDT trading pairs. This Hook can be upgraded through Uniswap governance, and the fee system and other parameters can be adjusted without migrating liquidity.

Uniswap founder Hayden: Correlated trading pairs will drive AMM into the global financial market

Uniswap founder Hayden posted on the X platform, stating that correlated trading pairs are forming. The top five tokenized SPY trading pairs by trading volume serve as "bridge" trading pairs connecting other common underlying trading pairs, primarily linking to tokenized stocks with higher correlations. This type of market is characterized by globalization, programmability, low costs, and 24/7 operation.Hayden stated that he has been working on the forefront of DeFi for 9 years and believes that AMM has enormous potential. After years of evolution and development, the path for AMM to achieve global dominance is becoming increasingly clear. Tokenization has changed the existence of markets, market makers, and the objects of market trading. Since its launch, Uniswap has been operating autonomously, with a cumulative trading volume exceeding $4.6 trillion, and has increased the share of spot trading volume on decentralized exchanges from less than 1% to over 20%.As AMMs like Uniswap continue to evolve, their liquidity has formed a pattern that most financial markets have yet to notice: correlated trading pairs. AMMs have found a product-market fit in long-tail markets, as most assets previously could not attract the attention of professional market makers. DeFi and AMM have lowered the barriers to market making, opening the market to more participants. Liquidity will concentrate in the places with the lowest risk, rather than being forced to remain in places constrained by traditional infrastructure.

first_img Uniswap founder: Tokenization will reshape the market-making landscape, and AMM is still in its early stages

Uniswap founder Hayden Adams stated that after nine years of DeFi practice, the path for AMM to become the core engine of the global financial market is becoming increasingly clear. He pointed out that tokenization is not only an infrastructure upgrade but also changes who provides liquidity and what is traded in the market. The SEC has approved Nasdaq and the New York Stock Exchange to trade tokenized stocks, and the DTCC also conducted live testing of tokenized trading in July.Adams believes that traditional market makers vertically integrate capital, strategy, execution, settlement, and distribution, which is costly; blockchain disassembles these components, making capital a scarce input. Liquidity providers who already hold relevant assets or are the issuers themselves can bear inventory exposure at zero cost, thereby weakening professional market makers with lower capital costs. An on-chain "related asset pair" model has naturally formed (such as the Ethereum ecosystem pairing with ETH and stablecoins), as correlation reduces inventory risk and deepens liquidity.He cited that there are already 10 tokenized stocks on the Robinhood Chain forming a Uniswap pool with SPY, which has traded approximately $33 million in 12 days, with some trades occurring directly between stocks without touching the dollar. Adams also stated that although Uniswap's cumulative trading volume has reached about $4.6 trillion, AMM is still in its early stages, and there is significant room for improvement in subsequent design and ecosystem.
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