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first_img TRM Report: The trading volume of the x402 protocol comes mostly from AI agents

A report released by the blockchain intelligence company TRM Labs shows that most of the transaction volume on the x402 payment protocol launched by Coinbase does not come from AI agents. The report analyzed 198.9 million settlements processed by known x402 facilitators on Base, Solana, and Polygon since May 2025, involving an amount of approximately $52.7 million.After excluding self-payments and other anomalous fund flows, about $25.62 million was identified as potential commercial transactions, of which only 0.6% to 7.5% by amount came from AI agents. TRM pointed out that ordinary scripts, scheduled tasks, and self-trading can also generate the same on-chain records, so the total transaction volume of the protocol is insufficient to measure agent commerce; their model identifies addresses that repeatedly pay for the same service as scripts, which may underestimate the actual scale of single-use agents. During the reporting period, USDC accounted for 99.6% of the settlement value, approximately $52.47 million.Meanwhile, Binance's Agent OS launched in August has integrated the x402 payment layer, Coinbase's Base supports agents and payment startups through a $1 million accelerator, and Amazon also launched AgentCore Payments in May in collaboration with Coinbase and Stripe. TRM recommends improving the on-chain agent registration mechanism, establishing a verifiable counterparty reputation system for agents, and building a monitoring framework suitable for small, high-frequency payments, stating that "agent commerce requires agent compliance."

first_img Cross-chain infrastructure Router Protocol announced its closure and will destroy 303 million ROUTE tokens

Router Protocol, a cross-chain infrastructure project supported by Coinbase Ventures, announced that it will cease all operations by September 30 and plans to permanently destroy 303,333,198 ROUTE tokens held in its treasury, accounting for about 30% of the total supply of nearly 1 billion tokens. The team released a statement on X, stating that over the past year, they attempted commercialization, licensing, and acquisition negotiations, but failed to achieve sustainable operational results.Router identified the flow of funds from the cryptocurrency sector to artificial intelligence and the decline in cross-chain asset transfer fees as core challenges facing its operations. As activities concentrated on fewer networks and standardized infrastructure, the demand for its services has decreased. The team noted that bridging economic profits are thin, fees have been compressed, and costs have never stopped. As part of the closure, Router will negotiate with centralized exchanges to stop supporting ROUTE tokens, and the delisting arrangements and withdrawal processes may vary across exchanges.Router raised $4.1 million from investors including Coinbase Ventures and Polygon in 2021 and launched the proof-of-stake Layer 1 blockchain Router Chain in July 2024, but it was shut down in September 2025 due to infrastructure costs, validator expansion, and security risks. The team also disclosed two security incidents in 2025: in February, approximately 80% of the value was recovered through negotiations after a vulnerability incident, while losses from a chain-level vulnerability in July could not be recovered.
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