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Vitalik: The Diamond iO exploration program "stealth" new paradigm may drive privacy computing into a new stage

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin published a new article introducing a novel cryptographic obfuscation technology called Diamond iO. This technology aims to address the extremely low efficiency of traditional indistinguishable obfuscation schemes, allowing programs to run while hiding internal logic and critical data. Although traditional iO technology possesses strong privacy protection capabilities, its operational costs are prohibitively high, making it nearly impractical. Diamond iO, by adopting more aggressive new cryptographic assumptions, enhances computational efficiency from "universe-level time consumption" to "planet-level time consumption," bringing it closer to practical application.Diamond iO is built on technologies such as Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) and Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). By encrypting programs, it allows users to execute the encrypted programs and obtain correct outputs without being able to view the internal code or hidden keys. This solution introduces a new input encoding mechanism and conditional decryption method, reducing computational complexity while ensuring the program logic remains hidden. Its core application scenarios include protecting programs that contain private keys, enabling secure software licensing, constructing trustless cryptographic services, and supporting blockchain and artificial intelligence systems with stronger privacy protection.However, Diamond iO is still in the early research stage, and its security relies on new cryptographic assumptions, including All-Product LWE and Evasive LWE, which require further research validation. At the same time, the technology still faces efficiency challenges such as high computational overhead and circuit depth limitations. Researchers believe that by optimizing underlying hash functions, improving homomorphic encryption schemes, and reducing security parameter requirements, Diamond iO is expected to become an important direction for advancing practical program obfuscation technology in the future.

Bitcoin's pullback impacts treasury companies, TD Cowen lowers Nakamoto's target price by 58% but maintains a "buy" rating

Wall Street investment bank TD Cowen has lowered the target price for Bitcoin treasury company Nakamoto Inc. (NASDAQ: NAKA), reducing the split-adjusted target price from $40 to $17, a decrease of 58%, but still maintaining a "Buy" rating. TD Cowen analysts stated that this adjustment is mainly due to the pressure on Nakamoto's highly leveraged capital structure from the decline in Bitcoin prices.Although the new target price still implies about a 275% upside from the current stock price of $4.65, the company's stock is highly sensitive to fluctuations in Bitcoin prices. TD Cowen expects Bitcoin to rebound to $100,000 by the end of 2026, which is about 25% lower than the historical high of $126,000 set last October. At the same time, the firm anticipates that Nakamoto will suspend further Bitcoin purchases before 2027.Analysts pointed out that Nakamoto's core value still comes from its Bitcoin assets, with the company currently holding 4,467 BTC, valued at approximately $290 million, ranking 22nd among publicly listed companies in terms of Bitcoin holdings. However, the company's debt and preferred stock financing structure have also compressed the asset value available to common stockholders. Recently, Nakamoto has completed several financial adjustments, including repaying approximately $45 million in debt, extending the principal of $105 million to June 2027, reducing financing costs, and approving a $25 million stock buyback plan. Additionally, the company has closed its previously operated medical clinic business and will focus on Bitcoin media, asset management, and consulting services in the future. Data shows that NAKA's stock price has fallen over 71% this year, while Bitcoin has declined about 26% during the same period. Market attention is shifting from "continuously purchasing BTC" to the asset-liability structure and financing capabilities of Bitcoin treasury companies.

The enthusiasm for BTC allocation among listed companies continues to cool, with a net sell-off of 15.92 million dollars in a single week

According to SoSoValue data, as of 8 AM Eastern Time on July 27, 2026, the total net sell-off of Bitcoin by global listed companies (excluding mining companies) in the past week was $15.92 million, a decrease of 1,296.99% compared to last week.According to official documents, Strategy did not purchase Bitcoin last week, selling approximately 5.43 million shares of MSTR between July 20 and July 26, resulting in a net gain of $544.5 million, and spent $25 million to repurchase 288,930 shares of STRC preferred stock.The Japanese listed company Metaplanet did not purchase Bitcoin last week.In addition, three other companies bought or sold Bitcoin last week. Aerospace-grade defense battery thermal management and safety solutions provider KULR announced on July 24 that it generated approximately $21.5 million in revenue from July 9, 2026, to July 23, 2026, selling 333 Bitcoins at a price of $64,538, reducing its total holdings to approximately 760 Bitcoins; asset management company Strive announced on July 27 that it spent $5.19 million to purchase 79 Bitcoins at a price of $65,723, bringing its total holdings to approximately 20,000 Bitcoins; Brazilian Bitcoin company OrangeBTC announced on July 27 that it spent $394,500 to purchase 6 Bitcoins at a price of $65,742, increasing its total holdings to 3,918 Bitcoins.Metaplanet subsidiary Bitcoin Japan announced a convertible bond financing agreement with EVO Fund, intending to raise 9.66 billion yen (approximately $59.5 million) to establish a cryptocurrency asset treasury.As of the time of publication, the total amount of Bitcoin held by global listed companies (excluding mining companies) in the statistics is 1,139,480 Bitcoins, a decrease of 0.02% compared to last week, with a current market value of approximately $7.416 billion, accounting for 5.7% of Bitcoin's circulating market value.

Gate GUSD's total subscription amount reached 217 million USD, and new users of the liquid US Treasury product can enjoy a limited-time 100% annualized return

According to official news, the total subscription amount for Gate GUSD has reached 217 million USD. The Gate GUSD current US Treasury product has been fully upgraded, allowing users holding GUSD to enjoy an annualized yield of 3.8%, with support for deposits and withdrawals at any time, and earnings distributed daily to the spot account or trading account. New users participating in the GUSD current US Treasury subscription can also enjoy a limited-time annualized yield of 100%. The GUSD current US Treasury supports subscriptions in USDT, USDC, and USD1, allowing users to obtain GUSD at a 1:1 exchange rate, and simultaneously enjoy the corresponding product earnings and GUSD current US Treasury earnings while participating in products like Launchpool and Pre-IPOs.In addition, Gate's 367th ANTFUN Launchpool is currently ongoing, where users can participate in staking using USDT, GUSD, or ANTFUN to share a reward of 3,756,574 ANTFUN. The current total amount of GUSD liquid staking is close to 50 million, with the GUSD pool APR at 4.09%. After adding the GUSD subscription earnings, the estimated combined APR reaches 7.89%. Additionally, the estimated annualized yield for the USDT pool liquid staking pool is 5.55%, and the estimated annualized yield for the ANTFUN exclusive staking pool is 87.20%.Gate has launched a no-loss quick redemption feature for GUSD. Users can redeem GUSD minted with USDT, USDC, or USD1 within the no-loss exit limit of the corresponding currency, enjoying real-time 1:1 crediting of the original currency without redemption fees, achieving a balance between earning income and flexible allocation of funds.
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