mainnet

The cryptographic security vulnerability of the Indian certificate authority eMudhra affects the Ethereum clients Teku and Besu. Researchers found that the private keys of 8 intermediate certificate authorities under eMudhra could potentially be deduced due to insufficient randomness, allowing attackers to forge certificates and trick unpatched software into trusting malicious services.Teku has released version 26.1.3, and Besu has released version 26.1.2, both of which have removed trust in the relevant certificates from their Docker images. If an attacker performs a man-in-the-middle attack, they could trick some validators into sending block fee rewards to the attacker's address; the risk may be higher under specific configurations using external signers. The Teku team stated that the default configuration of the Ethereum mainnet Teku node is not affected, and no action is required, with no reports of the vulnerability being exploited so far.For operators running Teku or Besu directly on the host without using Docker, simply updating the client may not be sufficient; they also need to manually update Java and its trusted certificate list. Operators still using the no longer maintained Java 26 will need to migrate to Java 25.

The decentralized liquidity staking protocol Diva Staking announced on social media that it will shut down the project and will not launch the mainnet. The official statement said that this decision was made after thorough discussion and apologized to the early stakers who had pre-deposited in the vault, stating that related deposits can be withdrawn through Enzyme without further waiting.The official statement mentioned that the team has been operating for about two and a half years without income or salary since the funds were exhausted in mid-2024, with three members pushing the project forward. Diva went live on the Hoodi testnet earlier this summer and has been running stably for about four months without any issues, but failed to gain support from large institutions for the mainnet launch. The three-member team also could not bear the costs of a new round of audits and mainnet operations, thus choosing to wind down rather than risk launching.The announcement also stated that the demand structure for LST has changed after the Shanghai upgrade. As of the end of June this year, BitMine, Coinbase, and Binance together accounted for about 30% of the total staked ETH, with approximately 11.5%, 10.9%, and 7.9% respectively, which is comparable to the concentration when the market was concerned about Lido's share being close to one-third. The official also congratulated Lido for advancing Simple DVT and opening up to independent stakers.

Stable officially announced that the Stable mainnet will be upgraded to v1.9.0 on October 31 at 17:00 (UTC+8), with a block height of 45,091,000.This upgrade mainly includes protocol security reinforcement and network resilience optimization, aiming to enhance the security, reliability, and operational stability of transaction processing and settlement, providing infrastructure support for on-chain payments, exchange settlements, and corporate financial asset management activities.

ENSv2 officially launched on the Ethereum mainnet, introducing a layered registry and a more refined permission model, supporting community and institutional custom subdomain issuance rules and partitioned authorization management. The new version also updates the domain resolution method and supports record link sharing, while launching the ENS App for ordinary users and the ENS Explorer for developers.ENS states that its ecosystem currently supports over 36 million domain names, covering more than 600 applications; existing .eth domain names do not need to be re-registered and can voluntarily upgrade to ENSv2 within the ENS App starting today.

According to Polygon, the Miden partner mainnet is now live and connected to Polygon's cross-chain aggregation layer Agglayer, which can access the liquidity of the entire blockchain ecosystem.Miden officials also announced that the network is operational on the partner mainnet.

Bitcoin News posted on the X platform that Lightning Labs has opened Wavelength to all users. The AI agent can autonomously send and receive payments on the Bitcoin mainnet via the Lightning Network and L402 without requiring manual approval for each transaction.The AI agent can use its payment API to call fees, purchase data, and trade with other agents, with single transaction fees as low as less than 1 cent; developers can integrate payment functionality into their applications without running a Lightning Network node, managing channels, or raising liquidity. This self-hosted toolkit supports independent on-chain exits, with an initial limit of 300,000 satoshis per wallet, and the Lightning Network payments incur a service fee of 0.25%. Wavelength is currently still in the Alpha stage and plans to support stablecoins.

Stellar updates the Bell upgrade guide in preparation for Protocol 30. Wallets, exchanges, and infrastructure operators need to upgrade their software before the network vote in November to support new contract addresses starting with W; JavaScript SDK v17.3.0 has been released, providing encoding, decoding, and verification tools.Bell supports contract addresses carrying customer identifiers, and indexers and browsers also need to adapt to the changes in ledger header format; this upgrade also adds ML-DSA post-quantum signature verification and millisecond-level ledger timestamps, while regular transactions still use Ed25519, and the current block interval remains unchanged. The testnet validator vote is scheduled for November 3 at 17:00 UTC, and the mainnet vote is scheduled for November 23 at 17:00 UTC, effective upon approval, with dates subject to change.

Succinct's zero-knowledge proof system SP1 has revealed a high-severity reliability vulnerability. This vulnerability was disclosed through GitHub announcement GHSA-p7v2-jjv3-8p8f, affecting SP1's native Rust verifier versions 6.0 to 6.8.0, allowing the mainnet Prover Network to potentially accept invalid proofs: malicious provers can submit proofs of invalid executions, and the network verifiers will still accept them.The cause of the vulnerability is that the verifier only reads the labels of the data (declaration dimensions) without verifying whether the actual number of stored elements equals the product of the dimensions, allowing attackers to forge labels to pass invalid proofs. The Groth16 and Plonk checks using fixed-shape wrap proofs are unaffected, and the on-chain Solidity checker is also safe. Succinct released the fixed version 6.8.1 on September 24, which has been deployed to the mainnet; this version adds deserialization length checks.The vulnerability was discovered by Vitalis Salis and reported through the Immunefi bug bounty program. Users running the native Rust verifier and accepting untrusted provers need to upgrade to 6.8.1.

According to the announcement from Forma's official X account, the Forma mainnet will stop operating at block height 34,567,890, expected around November 5th, giving users about two weeks to withdraw on-chain funds.After the chain stops, the team will take a snapshot of the on-chain state and migrate the remaining TIA to Eden. Both chains are EVM chains, and users can use the same wallet address to withdraw funds from Eden after the migration is complete.Modularium will migrate to Ethereum, and the related NFTs will be migrated as well; holders will need to claim them themselves through the re-launched Modularium website, as NFTs will not be automatically airdropped. The official statement indicates that the migration may take several days after the chain stops, and further announcements will be made when the migration is complete, along with more details and operational instructions in the coming weeks.

The blockchain infrastructure layer Espresso announced the completion of its mainnet upgrade. Benchmark tests show that its data throughput reaches 181 MB/s, which translates to approximately 1 million stablecoin transfers per second, based on an average of 180 bytes per transaction.The average final confirmation time for transactions is 337 milliseconds, and under peak load of 1 million transactions per second, it is 778 milliseconds.

Arbitrum posted on platform X that the Fhenix mainnet has been launched, bringing FHE-driven privacy features to Arbitrum. Users can now switch transactions from public mode to private mode through Fhenix Dual Mode.

The blockchain data acceleration network Optimum has launched the data propagation tool mump2p on the Ethereum mainnet. This tool reduces redundant data transmission through random linear network coding, helping validators receive and propagate block and proof messages more quickly.According to official information from Optimum, mump2p can run in parallel with existing Ethereum clients without the need to modify consensus rules or change hardware. Optimum claims that its mainnet block propagation speed can reach 2 to 4 times the GossipSub benchmark.

LayerZero posted on platform X that its Layer1 blockchain Zero mainnet and trading engine lzATLAS will launch on November 30. lzATLAS is the first application to be launched on Zero, starting with Open ATLAS, and will support more than ten trading venues at launch, with more to be integrated within the year.LayerZero stated that the initial focus of the mainnet is on open markets, and institutions are already testing lzATLAS in large market scenarios such as the U.S. stock market. Various trading venues are integrating trading infrastructure and testing order execution and settlement.

A network startup company called Optimum, led by Professor Muriel Médard from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, announced that its block propagation software mump2p has officially launched on the Ethereum mainnet. The Ethereum liquid staking protocol ether.fi has made mump2p a mandatory requirement for all 12 of its node operators, whereas previously the software was optional for its operators.Optimum stated that there are currently 16 node operators running mump2p in production environments, collectively managing approximately 22,000 validator keys and over 1.4 million staked ETH, accounting for more than 3% of the total staked amount on Ethereum. Partners include Blockdaemon, Everstake, P2P.org, Stakefish, and Bitcoin Suisse. The software operates in a sidecar gateway manner, not replacing Ethereum's default GossipSub, but rather overlaying it on top of libp2p and utilizing random linear network coding technology. Optimum claims that the block arrival speed is 2.42 times faster than GossipSub, with an approximately 7.88 times reduction in arrival time variance.Rok Kopp, co-founder and Chief Growth Officer of ether.fi, stated that they will not require the entire validator set to adopt a new infrastructure unless they are confident that it can enhance the overall level of stakers and the network. Médard mentioned that traditional financial institutions invest billions of dollars to shorten execution times to the millisecond level because speed is money. Optimum launched its private testnet in June 2025, having previously completed a $11 million seed round financing led by 1kx, and plans to expand the protocol to other high-throughput blockchains after Ethereum.

The ENS official announcement states that the ENSv2 Ethereum mainnet activation proposal has opened for DAO voting, which is scheduled to close on October 25. If the proposal is approved and executed, new domain registrations for ENSv1 will stop, but existing domains can still be renewed.ENS Labs will open ENSv2 registration and existing domain upgrades after completing the final synchronization and will transfer the remaining management rights to the DAO. ENS indicates that existing .eth domains can continue to be used, and there is no deadline for upgrades. ENSv2 will enhance the management of domains and subdomains through a layered registry and flexible permission settings.

The entertainment application chain Sophon officially announced that the team plans to finally shut down the Sophon mainnet on November 30, 2026. Key infrastructure and related websites will begin to shut down after November 25. Assets remaining on the Sophon Chain after the deadline face the risk of permanent inaccessibility.

Polygon announced the launch of Polygon CDK Besu, supporting banks and financial institutions to deploy private blockchains based on Hyperledger Besu, and connect to other blockchains and their liquidity through Agglayer from the outset. It currently supports deployment on the Ethereum mainnet.

Snapshot posted on platform X, stating that ENS is voting to activate ENSv2 on the Ethereum mainnet through an on-chain proposal that includes 15 calls. This proposal is executed in one go by the execution contract controlled by the ENS DAO, which, if passed, will freeze new registrations of version 1 while allowing un-migrated domain names to continue renewing.After the upgrade, ENSv2 will allow owners to customize the subdomain registry and grant resolution rights individually without transferring domain ownership. In addition, ENS Labs will synchronize eligible domain names, open v2 registrations and migrations, and transfer the remaining management rights to the ENS DAO.

According to official news, Hyperliquid's first L2 network Elysium will launch its mainnet on November 9.It is reported that Elysium is a general-purpose, high-performance L2 network built specifically for Hyperliquid, settling to HyperEVM and co-located with HyperCore, with HYPE as its native gas token. Elysium currently operates Conduit's G2 sequencer on an architecture that meets SOC II Type 2 standards.