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tokenized

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European Securities and Markets Authority report: Tokenized stocks may lead to liquidity fragmentation

According to Ledger Insights, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) recently published the "Trends, Risks, and Vulnerabilities Report for the First Half of 2026," in which digital assets and prediction markets occupy three chapters. Regarding crypto assets, the report warns that the increasing ties between cryptocurrencies and the traditional financial sector pose risks. Concerning tokenization, the report points out that issuing different tokenized versions of the same stock may lead to fragmented liquidity.As for prediction markets, the report believes that prediction markets have not yet seen significant development in Europe. This is because major platforms do not yet hold EU licenses, and in most cases, they need to obtain licenses. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) outlines some potential advantages of tokenization, including increased efficiency, expanded investor access, programmability, and atomic settlement. On the other hand, ESMA also questions how much these advantages are actually realized within these encapsulated structures.Since the ownership of the underlying stocks is off-chain, there is no single data source on-chain, and self-custody can only be achieved indirectly through these structures. Tokenization structures also introduce additional layers of intermediaries, leading to complexity and risk. The settlement advantages are also difficult to realize. Even if token transfers occur on-chain, the cash portion of the transaction is usually settled separately, whether through bank payments or other channels. This means that for certain transactions, the promised atomic settlement (i.e., simultaneous delivery of securities and cash) has not yet been achieved.

first_img India's SEBI tokenized bond pilot fundraising exceeds 100 million USD

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) announced on Thursday that three issuers raised a total of 102.5 million rupees (approximately 10.72 million USD) through its Demat 2 pilot program by issuing tokenized corporate bonds. This pilot utilizes distributed ledger technology to issue, hold, and settle corporate bonds.REC Ltd. was the first to issue on September 7, raising 50 million rupees (approximately 5.23 million USD) from 18 investors; L&T Ltd. raised a similar amount from 4 investors on September 9, and IIFL raised 25 million rupees (approximately 2.6 million USD) from 1 investor on the same day. SEBI stated that the pilot infrastructure records corporate bonds in the form of native digital tokens on a distributed ledger owned by the depository and achieves atomic settlement of bonds and funds through a unified market interface connected to the Reserve Bank of India’s wholesale central bank digital currency.This mechanism can reduce settlement risks arising from the separation of securities and funds transfer, allowing issuers to receive funds on the same day as the bidding, whereas the existing process typically takes two to three days. The regulator noted that the information of bondholders on the shared ledger is instantly visible to all authorized entities, and at maturity, e₹ payments will go directly into the bondholders' central bank digital currency wallets. SEBI clarified that this pilot does not create a new category of corporate bonds; tokenized bonds retain the same ISIN, issuer obligations, coupon, maturity, covenants, ratings, and investor rights as traditional paperless bonds. The pilot will be implemented in three phases, with the first phase covering institutional issuance, while secondary trading and retail access will be conducted in subsequent phases within SEBI's regulatory sandbox.

first_img Monument Bank delays retail tokenized deposits due to regulatory issues in the UK

According to CoinDesk, London challenger bank Monument Bank has postponed its £250 million (approximately $330 million) project to tokenize UK retail bank deposits for several months, as the bank has been unable to find a local crypto custodian that meets the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) standards and can handle zero-knowledge privacy proofs.Mintoo Bhandari, founder of Monument Bank, stated that the bank originally planned to tokenize customer deposits on the privacy public chain Midnight, hoping to launch the world's first tokenized deposits two months ago, but it is now expected to take another two months, with a retail customer launch in November. To meet regulatory requirements, the bank expanded its search for custodial partners to overseas, ultimately finding a Canadian custodian approved by the FCA.Midnight is a privacy-first Layer 1 blockchain project funded by Charles Hoskinson, which keeps customer information within the Monument system through zero-knowledge proofs while allowing the bank to prove compliance on-chain and provide audit records to regulators. Monument Bank announced the project in March this year, planning to offer tokenized private equity, structured products, and automated Lombard loans to "mass affluent" customers with investable assets ranging from £50,000 to £5 million.Bhandari stated that customer deposits will continue to earn interest, fully backed by Monument, and can be exchanged at a 1:1 ratio for pounds, protected by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS), with a limit of £120,000 per person or company.

first_img Arya.ag, an agricultural loan company in India, is testing tokenized grain warehouse receipts on Avalanche

Arya.ag, an agricultural warehousing and loan company in India, is testing a system for tokenizing warehouse receipts for stored grains on the Avalanche dedicated Layer 1 blockchain. Arya.ag is collaborating with Finternet to connect grain storage, warehouse receipts, collateral commitments, and loan statuses through this network. Devika Mittal, head of Ava Labs India, stated that the testing is underway, with each tokenized warehouse receipt representing ownership of the stored goods.Sanmesh Kalyanpur, a director at Finternet Labs, mentioned that Arya.ag's samplers collect information on stored grains and input it into the company portal. Finternet will integrate farmers, commodities, warehouses, and insurance information into a "composite token" for banks to assess collateral risks. Arya.ag stores approximately $2 billion worth of agricultural products in its warehouse network and supports loans of about 120 billion Indian Rupees (approximately $1.26 billion) annually, with its loan department, Arya Dhan, disbursing around $230 million in loans each year.The concept of Finternet originated from a 2024 paper by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), co-authored by Infosys co-founder Nandan Nilekani and then-BIS General Manager Agustín Carstens, proposing the establishment of an interconnected unified ledger for tokenized assets. In 2024, the Indian government launched a 10 billion Rupee credit guarantee scheme to encourage financing against electronic transferable warehouse receipts. The two companies have not disclosed the expected launch date or initial deployment scale.

The Rollup founder Andy: The U.S. SEC may introduce a tokenized securities innovation exemption

The Rollup founder Andy posted that market rumors suggest the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is preparing to launch the largest tokenization innovation exemption policy to date, which may allow tokenized securities to be traded solely through registered transfer agents, without the need for broker-dealer licenses, and without adhering to traditional trading platform or ATS-related rules. It is also reported that this could cover U.S. retail investors and overseas investors.Andy stated that if the above news is true, its potential impact would be significant. Tokenized funds could be issued and traded directly in the form of on-chain tokens, with transfer agents maintaining legal ownership records on-chain, while the underlying assets held by the fund, such as stocks and bonds, could also be further tokenized, thus forming an on-chain trading system of "fund tokens + underlying asset tokens."Andy later mentioned that a large fund has already received the SEC's "green light," but this has not yet been officially confirmed. He speculated that ARK, Fidelity, or BlackRock could be potential participants. If the policy is ultimately implemented, U.S. asset management firms may accelerate the issuance of native equity tokens to compete for around-the-clock liquidity and on-chain distribution channels, rather than waiting for third parties to mirror tokenize traditional securities. He further linked this potential policy change to the recent push by the Trump administration for regulatory openness in the crypto market, as well as the CFTC's efforts to bring perpetual contracts to the U.S. market, believing that the U.S. regulatory environment may be gradually opening the policy floodgates for on-chain finance.
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