accounting

According to Onchain Lens monitoring, Hyperliquid has permanently destroyed 49.87 million HYPE, valued at approximately 3.89 billion dollars based on current statistics, accounting for 4.99% of the maximum supply of 1 billion HYPE.In the past 24 hours, Hyperliquid destroyed 19,700 HYPE, valued at approximately 1.59 million dollars; during the same period, estimated fee revenue was about 1.69 million dollars, with total revenue reaching approximately 1.38 billion dollars.

The Science and Technology Innovation Board Daily cited Wind data stating that by 2026, 76 IPOs had terminated their review, with 13 from the Science and Technology Innovation Board, accounting for 17.1%. In 2025, a total of 50 IPOs were terminated, with only 3 from the Science and Technology Innovation Board, accounting for 6%. The total fundraising scale of terminated IPOs on the Science and Technology Innovation Board in 2026 was 18.248 billion yuan, nearly 5 times the 3.181 billion yuan in the same period of 2025. After entering the fourth quarter, Saikexis and Zhongke Innovation successively terminated their reviews.Among the 13 terminated projects on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, 5 were related to semiconductor and integrated circuit companies, including Wuhan Xinxin, Shanghai Xinyi, Beijing Tongmei, Taosheng Electronics, and Yadian Technology, accounting for approximately 38.5%. Beijing Tongmei was the only project that terminated during the registration phase, accepted on January 10, 2022, submitted for registration on August 1 of the same year, and terminated registration on July 2, 2026, lasting over 4 years. Wuhan Xinxin was accepted at the end of September 2024 and terminated in May 2026, queuing for nearly 600 days, intending to raise 4.8 billion yuan, accounting for about 26.3% of the total intended fundraising of the 13 terminated projects.The duration from acceptance to termination varied significantly. Huihe Medical was accepted on June 30, 2026, and terminated on September 24, taking 86 days, making it the first IPO to withdraw after being selected for on-site inspection this year. Saikexis voluntarily withdrew six months after acceptance, marking the third IPO failure in six years. Huandong Technology was accepted on November 25, 2024, and terminated on September 21, 2026, lasting about 22 months, being the first robot company to terminate an IPO this year, mainly engaged in robotic joint reducers, sponsored by GF Securities. According to the criteria of semiconductors, software equipment, hardware services, etc., there have been 37 IPO listing applications that have become invalid in the Hong Kong stock market this year, compared to 11 in the same period last year.

OSMO plans to destroy 100 million $OSMO from the community pool, accounting for approximately 12.6% of the circulating supply.

The blockchain game project ArchLoot announced that it will permanently destroy 44,583,346 locked AL tokens, which come from the ECO Pool (30 million), Treasure Pool (approximately 10.417 million), and Reserve Pool (approximately 4.167 million). After the destruction, the related tokens will no longer be unlocked, distributed, or circulated.The official statement indicated that after the destruction is completed, the on-chain transaction hash will be published for community verification.

According to CoinDesk, a snapshot from Galaxy Research in October shows that out of approximately 21 million mined Bitcoins, about 11.1 million (approximately 55%) are held in addresses that cannot be linked to exchanges, funds, governments, or other known entities. Alex Thorn, the head of research at Galaxy, stated that this indicates that despite the increasing institutionalization, a significant amount of Bitcoin may still be self-custodied by individuals. Xapo Bank believes this reflects the fact that retail investors have been in the market for over a decade.However, this portion of unallocated Bitcoin does not all belong to individuals who have been self-custodying for the long term; it may also include coins that are inaccessible due to lost private keys or the death of the holder, holdings from institutions or over-the-counter traders that Galaxy has not yet identified, as well as custodial assets spread across multiple addresses. The remaining 45% has been allocated, including ETFs from issuers like exchanges and BlackRock, as well as the U.S. government; among them, the single largest holder is "Satoshi Nakamoto (Patoshi model)," holding 1,123,658 BTC.

Strategy, Strive, and other Bitcoin treasury companies support the purchase of 135,979 Bitcoins through preferred stock financing, accounting for over 0.5% of the maximum Bitcoin supply; the related preferred stock market size is approximately $12 billion. Perpetual preferred stock has no fixed maturity date, which can alleviate refinancing pressure and attract income-oriented investors who are unwilling to hold Bitcoin directly; however, an increase in issuance size will also raise dividend expenses.Continuous financing for Bitcoin purchases relies on preferred stock trading at or near par value. If the price falls below par, the attractiveness of new issuances may decline, and the company may also turn to buybacks. CoinShares Research Director James Butterfill stated that Strategy's latest weekly report shows the company spent $193 million to repurchase STRC, while simultaneously buying 267 Bitcoins and increasing the preferred stock buyback authorization limit to $3 billion. Buybacks can reduce future dividend costs but may also compete for funds with Bitcoin purchases.Bitwise Research Director Ryan Rasmussen expects that ETFs will remain a larger source of Bitcoin demand in the long term, while perpetual preferred stock covers different groups of income-oriented investors, providing another source of demand support for the market. Butterfill believes that preferred stock may amplify market cycles: when financing conditions are favorable, it supports Bitcoin purchases, but when market sentiment weakens, this support may diminish.

Coinglass data shows that in the past 7 days, the net inflow to CEX platforms was 46,928.46 BTC, with Binance platform inflowing 37,394.58 BTC, Coinbase Pro platform inflowing 1,447.9 BTC, and Kraken platform inflowing 3,019.97 BTC.

Cryptocurrency analyst Axel Adler Jr. stated that as of October 21, the proportion of new investors' funds in the Bitcoin network has risen from a year-to-date low of 6.6% on July 5 to 11.2%, indicating that new funds are gradually returning, but the inflow remains below the levels of over 20% seen in 2024 and 2025.Currently, the price of Bitcoin is approximately $82,300, with the average holding cost for short-term holders at $75,100, resulting in an overall unrealized profit of about 9.5%. This group has been in a profitable state for 63 consecutive days since August 20, with the unrealized profit ratio reaching 16% on October 5. If the proportion of new investors' funds exceeds 11.5%, it will indicate a further increase in buyer demand; if it falls back below 10%, it suggests that the inflow of new funds may stagnate. If Bitcoin drops below $75,100, the overall short-term holders will turn to a loss, and related selling pressure may increase accordingly.

ARK Invest's Q3 2026 DeFi report shows that stock tokenization has become the main driving force behind the rebound in on-chain trading activity for the quarter. The trading volume of tokenized stock spot DEX reached approximately $50 billion, about 9 times that of the previous quarter, with its share of total spot DEX trading volume rising from about 1% to around 9%. Overall, DEX spot trading volume increased by approximately 13% quarter-over-quarter to $571 billion, marking the first growth in nearly four quarters.Robinhood Chain achieved approximately $65 billion in DEX trading volume and $51 million in network revenue in its first quarter, with network revenue nearing the level of BNB Chain during the same period. However, ARK expects that recent adjustments to the Gas mechanism will cause the chain's revenue to decline from current levels. The total supply of stablecoins decreased by about 3% quarter-over-quarter to $309 billion, but adjusted trading volume increased by approximately 16% quarter-over-quarter to $781 billion, with the number of monthly active addresses growing by about 39% to 73 million.In the perpetual contract DEX, there is a divergence between open positions and trading volume: the value of open contracts increased by about 76% quarter-over-quarter to $24 billion, while quarterly trading volume decreased by about 16% to $1.4 trillion. Among them, Hyperliquid's open contract value is about $13 billion, accounting for approximately 53%. ARK believes this indicates fewer but larger positions held for longer durations.

According to Token Terminal data, on the Base chain, the total scale of tokenized stocks issued by Coinbase deposited in various DeFi platforms is approximately 18.9 million USD, of which Aave V4 accounts for about 10.1 million USD, representing about 53%, making it the largest DeFi platform for such assets by locked value.

According to Cointelegraph, the current amount of staked Ethereum has risen to a record 43.8 million ETH, accounting for 35.9% of the total ETH supply. Meanwhile, both the staking yield and the number of validators have decreased.

Coinglass data shows that in the past 7 days, the net inflow to CEX platforms was 8,237.43 BTC, with Binance platform inflowing 6,463.61 BTC, Coinbase Pro platform outflowing 1,399.39 BTC, and OKX platform inflowing 2,089.15 BTC.

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin shared that the cost of Bitcoin mining is roughly half derived from capital expenditures on computing power equipment and the other half from electricity consumption; in contrast, the cost of AI inference is almost entirely dominated by capital expenditures on computing power. This difference reflects the distinct cost structures of the two computing businesses. Bitcoin miners need to continuously pay for electricity and determine their profit margins based on mining machine efficiency, coin prices, and network difficulty changes; AI inference, on the other hand, relies more on investments in expensive hardware like GPUs, as well as equipment utilization and computing efficiency.The industrial boundaries of both are also changing. As the demand for AI computing power grows, some Bitcoin mining companies are beginning to shift their existing electricity resources and data center facilities towards AI and high-performance computing businesses, hoping to transition from pure mining to computing infrastructure services. Some mining companies are leveraging previously allocated electricity capacity for mining to enter the AI data center market. However, transformation does not mean that cost pressures disappear: mining operations are more directly exposed to fluctuations in electricity prices and Bitcoin prices, while AI computing businesses must bear risks related to GPU procurement, depreciation, and underutilization. Both types of businesses compete for electricity and computing resources, but ultimately, profitability depends on how these resources are converted into revenue.

According to Onchain Lens monitoring, Wintermute holds approximately 87.34 million USD in open positions on Hyperliquid, with short positions around 75.45 million USD, accounting for 86.4%; long positions around 11.89 million USD, accounting for 13.6%.Current floating profit is approximately 3.97 million USD, with a historical cumulative profit of about 209.79 million USD. Its largest short positions include approximately 18.33 million USD in ETH, approximately 12.07 million USD in SOL, and approximately 10.72 million USD in SP500.

OAK Research researcher Lilian Aliaga wrote that the on-chain options protocol Derive (formerly Lyra) has a nominal trading volume of $14.22 billion since January this year, approximately 2.6 times that of the entire year of 2025, accounting for nearly 75% of the on-chain options nominal trading volume and 88.1% of the paid premiums. The nominal trading volume in September was $3.43 billion, and it has exceeded $1 billion in the first week of October.The article states that Derive completed its V3 migration on October 6, 2026, abandoning its own chain and opting for zero-knowledge applications to settle directly on Ethereum, planning to become an options engine accessible to other applications. V3 introduces mutually isolated risk domains, including Prime covering BTC and ETH, an independent HYPE domain, an Alt domain covering SOL, XRP, ZEC, and DOGE, and an RWA domain covering tokenized gold.According to the article, Derive launched V2 in December 2023, replacing automated market makers with an order book as the main source of liquidity, and will launch portfolio margin in February 2024; Lyra will be renamed Derive in August 2024, and DRV will be launched in January 2025. In October 2025, FalconX became the publicly confirmed institutional market maker quoting on Derive, with collateral retained on its own side and positions represented on-chain in fxUSDC.

According to Token Terminal data, the total market capitalization of the tokenized ETF market has reached $686.5 million, with Ethereum ranking first with a market capitalization of $303 million, accounting for about 44%. BNB Chain ranks second with $192.1 million, and Solana ranks third with $91.5 million.The above three blockchains collectively account for about 85% of the market capitalization of the tokenized ETF market, indicating that related assets are mainly concentrated in the Ethereum, BNB Chain, and Solana ecosystems.

According to CoinDesk, based on the report "Inside North America's $3 trillion crypto economy: Agentic commerce accelerates" released by Chainalysis, AI agents have completed over 138 million transactions through the x402 payment protocol incubated on the Base blockchain via Coinbase, using cryptocurrency to purchase data, computing power, and access to AI models.The report indicates that in geographically identifiable AI model inference payments, wallets associated with the United States account for 88.1%, while wallets associated with China only account for 0.1%. Eric Jardine, the research director at Chainalysis, stated that one possible explanation is that Chinese developers are more inclined to use open-weight models like DeepSeek and Qwen, thereby reducing the demand for pay-per-use inference services.Chinese-associated wallets exhibit different activity patterns, accounting for about 90% of geographically identifiable payments for security and code analysis services, with most of the flow directed towards the AI smart contract auditing platform AgentLisa.Jardine also cautioned that this gap should not be interpreted as open-source AI weakening the on-chain inference market in Asia. Currently, payment giants such as Visa, Mastercard, and Stripe have supported the x402 protocol, and Coinbase has also begun allowing enterprise clients to accept AI agent payments.

The blockchain project Tempo released a report indicating that the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) plans to adjust accounting rules for stablecoins, allowing eligible tokens to be classified as cash equivalents on company balance sheets, or reducing accounting barriers for enterprises adopting stablecoins.Under current accounting practices, stablecoins, even if fully backed by U.S. dollars, may not be counted as cash reserves reported by the company, thereby affecting liquidity ratios and loan covenants. The proposed rules allow companies to use stablecoins for payments and settlements but require them to have direct redemption rights with the issuer. Purchasing USDC through exchanges may not necessarily meet the criteria for classification as cash equivalents.In its 2025 annual report, Coinbase classified USDC and other payment-type stablecoins as cash equivalents, based on its redemption arrangement with Circle. The public comment period for the FASB proposed rules will continue until November 19, after which the board will review feedback and determine the final accounting changes and effective date. At the time of this proposal's release, the market size for U.S. dollar stablecoins had exceeded $300 billion.

According to Lookonchain monitoring, in the past 3 days, two newly created wallets have withdrawn 280.75 million Lobster from exchanges, worth 12.21 million USD, accounting for 28.08% of the total supply.

Co-founder of Glassnode, Rafael Schultze-Kraft, stated based on on-chain data that approximately 6.26 million BTC public keys have been exposed, accounting for 31.2% of the current supply, up from 24.8% at the beginning of 2021.Among them, about 4.33 million were exposed due to address reuse, and approximately 1.94 million are related to script types. He emphasized that this statistic does not indicate that quantum attacks are realistically feasible, nor can it be used to assess the security status of exchanges or custodians.