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esma

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European Securities and Markets Authority report: Tokenized stocks may lead to liquidity fragmentation

According to Ledger Insights, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) recently published the "Trends, Risks, and Vulnerabilities Report for the First Half of 2026," in which digital assets and prediction markets occupy three chapters. Regarding crypto assets, the report warns that the increasing ties between cryptocurrencies and the traditional financial sector pose risks. Concerning tokenization, the report points out that issuing different tokenized versions of the same stock may lead to fragmented liquidity.As for prediction markets, the report believes that prediction markets have not yet seen significant development in Europe. This is because major platforms do not yet hold EU licenses, and in most cases, they need to obtain licenses. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) outlines some potential advantages of tokenization, including increased efficiency, expanded investor access, programmability, and atomic settlement. On the other hand, ESMA also questions how much these advantages are actually realized within these encapsulated structures.Since the ownership of the underlying stocks is off-chain, there is no single data source on-chain, and self-custody can only be achieved indirectly through these structures. Tokenization structures also introduce additional layers of intermediaries, leading to complexity and risk. The settlement advantages are also difficult to realize. Even if token transfers occur on-chain, the cash portion of the transaction is usually settled separately, whether through bank payments or other channels. This means that for certain transactions, the promised atomic settlement (i.e., simultaneous delivery of securities and cash) has not yet been achieved.

EU regulators seek to strengthen MiCA oversight, with shared order books in focus

According to CoinDesk, less than a year after the implementation of the EU's Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), various issues have already begun to emerge, and regulators are working to prevent these problems from worsening. Currently, there are concerns that some member states are issuing licenses too quickly.The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) intends to adopt more centralized and stringent measures for cryptocurrency regulation within its jurisdiction, although specific details of the plans remain unclear. One potential change involves liquidity sharing outside the EU and the use of a unified order book. From a regulatory perspective, shared order books could blur the lines of responsibility for matching trades, information disclosure, risk management, and best execution; from a trader's perspective, aggregating buy and sell orders from a broader audience can create greater liquidity, facilitate easier transactions, and yield more accurate pricing.ESMA has not provided a specific response regarding the shared order book issue, but in an email, it stated that its position earlier this year during a Q&A session—where it was mentioned that "MiCA does not allow cryptocurrency trading companies to merge their order books with any non-EU, non-MiCA regulated trading platforms"—is aimed at ensuring a fair competitive environment in the application of MiCA within the EU, and it will continue to work towards this goal.

Regulators from France, Austria, and Italy urge the EU to strengthen coordination on cryptocurrency regulation

ChainCatcher news, according to Bloomberg, after discovering differences in the implementation of cryptocurrency regulations across countries, the financial regulators of France, Austria, and Italy urged the EU's top regulatory body to directly oversee large cryptocurrency companies and tighten relevant rules.The EU will implement the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) by the end of 2024, requiring cryptocurrency companies to obtain a license in at least one EU member state to operate across the entire EU. In a position paper released on Monday, the financial market regulators of the three countries stated that this approach exposes "significant differences" in the regulation of companies across countries, allowing businesses to exploit loopholes, and suggested transferring oversight of the industry's largest firms to the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). They also noted that the initial implementation of MiCA has shown limited convergence in regulation, making it difficult to ensure uniform EU standards. An ESMA spokesperson responded that they are working to ensure regulatory consistency and had already suggested reconsidering areas for strengthening EU-level regulation last year. Additionally, the three regulators may take precautionary measures to mitigate risks and called for enhanced regulation of global platforms, cybersecurity, and token issuance.
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